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148. IELTS Minh Huong Vocabulary booster (Cambridge 15, test 1, reading 1)

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What does the term "devise" mean?

Invent, create, think up

What is the definition of "theory"?

Concept, scheme, idea, belief

What does it mean to "borrow sth from sb"?

To take or copy someone's ideas, words, etc., and use them in your own work.

Define "technique".

Method, system, procedure

What does "evolutionary" relate to?

The way in which ideas or situations gradually change and develop over a long period of time.

Who is a "biologist"?

Someone who studies or works in biology.

What does it mean to "work sth out"?

Understand, comprehend, make sense of

Define "organism".

Creature, living thing

What does it mean to "compare"?

Evaluate, judge, assess

What is a "characteristic"?

Trait, feature, quality

Define "species".

Class, type, kind, sort

What does it mean to attribute something to someone or something?

To believe or say that a situation or event is caused by something.

What is the meaning of the term "cautionary"?

Warning, deterrent, advisory.

What does the phrase "in the case of something" refer to?

An example of a particular situation or of something happening.

Define "survival."

Existence; the state of continuing to live or exist, especially in spite of difficult conditions.

What does "relevant" mean?

Related, applicable.

Who is an anthropologist?

Someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships.

What does it mean to suggest otherwise?

To say, think, or decide something different.

What is the definition of "huge"?

Enormous, vast, gigantic, massive, giant.

What does "gap" refer to?

A big difference between two situations, amounts, groups of people, etc.

Define "prehistory."

The time in history before anything was written down.

What is "storytelling"?

The activity of writing, telling, or reading stories.

What does "genre" mean?

Type, sort, kind, category, field.

What does "incredibly" mean?

Extremely, unbelievably, extraordinarily.

Define "ancient."

Very old; prehistoric; primeval.

Who is a folklorist?

Someone who studies folklore.

What does "academic" mean?

Educational; scholastic.

What does it mean to "devise"?

To invent, create, think up.

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Description

Explore essential terms in anthropology and biology, including concepts like survival, evolution, and storytelling. Learn how these fields study human customs, relationships, and the characteristics of living organisms.

Questions

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1. What is the primary focus of an anthropologist's study?

A The evolution of plants. B The development of languages. C The history of technology. D Humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships.

2. What does it mean to attribute something to someone or something?

A To celebrate a situation or event. B To ignore the cause of a situation or event. C To believe or say that a situation or event is caused by something. D To deny any connection to a situation or event.

3. What is the meaning of 'cautionary'?

A Entertaining, amusing, humorous. B Confusing, misleading, deceptive. C Warning, deterrent, advisory. D Encouraging, supportive, motivational.

4. How would you describe 'in the case of sth'?

A A fictional story with no factual content. B An example of a particular situation or of something happening. C A hypothetical scenario with no real basis. D An unrelated event with no connection.

5. What does 'survival' refer to in this context?

A Destruction. B Ignorance. C Celebration. D Existence.

6. Who is an anthropologist?

A A person who studies celestial bodies and space. B Someone who designs architectural structures. C Someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships. D An individual who analyzes economic trends and markets.

7. What does the term 'prehistory' refer to?

A The time in history before anything was written down. B The time after the invention of writing. C The era of ancient civilizations. D The medieval period.

8. How can the word 'huge' be best described?

A Narrow, limited, restricted. B Average, moderate, medium-sized. C Small, tiny, minute, little. D Enormous, vast, gigantic, massive, giant.

9. What does 'gap' signify in a social context?

A A big difference between two situations, amounts, groups of people etc. B A bridge linking two places. C A small similarity between two things. D A connection between two ideas.

10. What activity does 'storytelling' involve?

A Calculating mathematical problems. B Performing scientific experiments. C Analyzing historical events. D Writing, telling, or reading stories.

11. What does the word 'genre' refer to?

A A historical event. B A specific location. C A scientific theory. D Type, sort, kind, category, field.

12. What does it mean to devise something?

A To invent, create, think up. B To ignore something. C To destroy something. D To misunderstand something.

13. Who is a biologist?

A Someone who studies or works in biology. B Someone who writes or tells stories. C Someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs. D Someone who studies folklore.

14. What is the primary role of a biologist?

A To study or work in biology. B To analyze financial markets. C To write novels. D To design buildings.

15. What does it mean to 'work something out'?

A To create a new idea. B To ignore a problem. C To understand, comprehend, make sense of. D To forget something.

16. How can the term 'organism' be best described?

A Creature, living thing. B A fictional character. C A type of machine. D A non-living object.

17. What does it mean to 'compare' in a scientific context?

A To evaluate, judge, assess. B To ignore differences. C To destroy evidence. D To create new data.

18. What is the primary activity involved in storytelling?

A Writing, telling, or reading stories. B Performing mathematical calculations. C Analyzing historical events. D Conducting scientific experiments.

19. Which term describes something that is extremely old?

A Contemporary. B Futuristic. C Ancient. D Modern.

20. What does a folklorist study?

A Mathematics. B Physics. C Chemistry. D Folklore.

21. What is the meaning of 'theory'?

A To invent, create, think up. B Method, system, procedure. C Relating to gradual change and development. D Concept, scheme, idea, belief.

22. What does it mean to 'borrow something from someone'?

A To take or copy someone's ideas, words etc and use them in your own work. B To gradually change and develop over time. C To study or work in biology. D To invent, create, think up.

23. What does 'technique' refer to?

A Method, system, procedure. B To take or copy someone's ideas. C Concept, scheme, idea, belief. D Relating to gradual change and development.

24. What does 'evolutionary' mean?

A To invent, create, think up. B Relating to the way in which ideas or situations gradually change and develop over a long period of time. C Method, system, procedure. D Someone who studies or works in biology.

25. What is a 'characteristic' in biological terms?

A A type of habitat. B A chemical reaction. C A random event. D Trait, feature, quality.

Study Notes

Understanding Human Behavior and Communication

This document synthesizes key concepts related to human behavior, communication, and the study of life, emphasizing the interconnectedness of anthropology, storytelling, and biology. It highlights how these fields contribute to our understanding of culture, expression, and existence.

Anthropology and Human Behavior

  • Attribution: Understanding the causes behind events is essential for analyzing human behavior.
  • Anthropology: The scientific study of humans, focusing on customs, beliefs, and social relationships, provides insights into cultural practices.

Communication and Expression

  • Language and Expression: Phrases like "suggest/say/think/decide otherwise" illustrate the importance of communication in expressing diverse opinions.
  • Cautionary Measures: Warnings or advice are crucial for preventing negative outcomes in social interactions.

Storytelling and Cultural Narratives

  • Storytelling: A fundamental human activity that connects people through shared narratives, enriching cultural understanding.
  • Folklore: The traditional beliefs and stories of communities reflect their values and customs, offering insights into cultural identity.

Biological Foundations

  • Biologist: A professional who studies living organisms and their interactions with the environment, contributing to our understanding of life.
  • Organisms and Species: Recognizing the characteristics that define organisms is vital for biological classification and understanding biodiversity.

Key Takeaways

  1. Interconnectedness of Fields: Anthropology, communication, storytelling, and biology are interrelated disciplines that enhance our understanding of human existence.
  2. Importance of Context: Contextual examples clarify complex ideas, making discussions more relevant and focused.
  3. Role of Creativity: Inventiveness in storytelling and communication fosters innovation and keeps narratives engaging, reflecting the dynamic nature of culture and knowledge.