Key Concepts in Occupational Therapy and Medicare Coverage
George Wilson
teacherWhat is the characteristic functional limitation associated with age-related macular degeneration?
Loss of central visual acuity and difficulty seeing fine detail.
What does the principle of veracity emphasize in healthcare?
Accurate documentation and honesty.
Define beneficence in the context of healthcare ethics.
The well-being of others.
What is the meaning of nonmaleficence in healthcare?
Do no harm.
What does fidelity mean in a professional context?
Treating clients and colleagues with respect and keeping promises/commitments.
What does autonomy refer to in healthcare?
Respecting the rights of patients and confidentiality.
What is stereopsis?
Depth perception.
What does visual acuity measure?
Clarity in near and distant objects.
What is the purpose of a fitness to drive screening measure?
To rate the ability of driving for someone they care for.
What is the significance of Medicare Part A?
It covers inpatient services, hospitals, skilled nursing facilities (SNF), and DME provided by the facility.
What does the Modified Ashworth Scale measure?
Spasticity.
Define apraxia.
A movement disorder that results in difficulty with motor planning.
What is dysmetria?
Lack of coordination of movement, resulting in undershooting or overshooting intended positions.
What does FIM measure?
ADL independence.
At what age can children typically copy some letters and numerals?
4 to 5 years of age.
What is Broca's aphasia characterized by?
Understanding speech but speaking in short sentences.
What defines Wernicke's aphasia?
Speaking in long sentences that have no meaning.
What is global aphasia?
The inability to speak, representing the most severe form of aphasia.
What is a focal seizure?
A sudden movement of a single body part with no change in vital signs.
At what age does radial digital grasp typically develop?
Between 6 to 12 months of age.
What is congenital torticollis?
A type of dystonia characterized by the inability to turn the head from side to side.
Describe tangential speech.
Speech that jumps from topic to topic without clear connections.
What characterizes an absence seizure?
Abruptly stopping with eyes blinking.
What movements are expected from a person with a C7 spinal cord injury?
Active elbow extension, wrist extension and flexion, and shoulder movements.
Define proprioception.
The awareness of the body in space.
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Involuntary movements often resulting from long-term use of certain medications.
What is the significance of an INR (international normalized ratio) greater than 5?
It indicates a risk for bleeding and typically results in bedrest or activity restrictions.
What is the standard ratio of rise to run for a wheelchair ramp?
1:12.
What condition does Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease affect?
Peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness, decreased muscle size, and decreased sensation.
What does Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) aim to improve?
The ability to move weaker parts of the body by restraining its stronger counterpart.
What characterizes Guillain-Barré syndrome?
The immune system attacks nerves, leading to paralysis throughout the body.
What does deep vein thrombosis (DVT) present with?
Edema, pain, and localized warmth in a flaccid extremity.
1 of 32
Description
Explore essential topics in occupational therapy, including intervention plans, Medicare coverage options, and common conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome and ataxia. Understand the role of COTAs and the impact of legislation on therapy services.
Questions
Download Questions1. At what age does the radial digital grasp typically develop in children?
2. What is the most severe form of aphasia?
3. What is the primary symptom of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
4. What is the primary characteristic of age-related macular degeneration?
5. What does the term 'beneficence' refer to in a healthcare context?
6. Which skin color change is associated with cirrhosis of the liver?
7. What is the primary focus of occupational therapy in criminal justice settings such as prisons?
8. What does the Modified Ashworth Scale measure?
9. What is the primary focus of the multicontext approach in cognitive rehabilitation?
10. Which type of apraxia involves difficulty moving the eyes on command?
Study Notes
Overview of Key Medical and Rehabilitation Concepts
This document consolidates essential topics related to language disorders, neurological conditions, developmental milestones, movement disorders, rehabilitation strategies, and vision impairments. Understanding these concepts is crucial for effective assessment and intervention in various medical and therapeutic settings.
Types of Aphasia
- Broca's Aphasia: Comprehension intact but produces short, fragmented speech.
- Wernicke's Aphasia: Speech is fluent but lacks meaningful content.
- Global Aphasia: Severe impairment in both comprehension and expression.
Neurological Conditions
- Seizures: Focal seizures affect specific body parts; absence seizures cause brief lapses in awareness.
- Spinal Cord Injuries: Varying levels of injury (e.g., C6 vs. C7) affect mobility and independence.
- Movement Disorders: Tardive dyskinesia involves involuntary movements impacting daily function.
Developmental Milestones
- Children typically develop skills such as radial grasp by 6-12 months and can copy letters by ages 4-5. Reflexes play a critical role in early motor development.
Rehabilitation Strategies
- Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT): Enhances movement in weaker limbs by restricting stronger ones.
- Chaining Methods: Backward chaining teaches the last step first; forward chaining starts with the first step.
Pain Management and Chronic Conditions
- Conditions like fibromyalgia present widespread pain alongside cognitive issues. Effective management requires a comprehensive approach addressing both physical symptoms and mental health support.
Vision Disorders
- Common eye conditions include glaucoma (affecting peripheral vision), myopia (nearsightedness), presbyopia (age-related focusing difficulty), and age-related macular degeneration, which impacts central vision critical for detailed tasks.
Key Takeaways
- Understanding different types of aphasia is vital for tailored communication strategies in therapy.
- Knowledge of spinal cord injuries informs rehabilitation approaches to enhance patient independence.
- Recognizing developmental milestones aids in identifying potential delays or disorders early on.
- Effective rehabilitation combines various techniques to address both physical limitations and cognitive challenges faced by patients with chronic conditions or neurological impairments.
- Awareness of common vision disorders helps practitioners provide appropriate interventions to improve quality of life for affected individuals.